A Qualitative Research on the Barriers of Economic Underdevelopment in Kermanshah Province

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Sociology, Dept. of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Sociology, Dept. of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the barriers to economic underdevelopment in Kermanshah from the perspective of the people. For this purpose, a survey and interviews with 784 heads of households were used. In their answers, the respondents mentioned 100 concepts as barriers to economic development, which were finally included in three general categories: economic (40 concepts), socio-cultural (33 concepts), and political and managerial (27 concepts). Nearly 70% of the respondents have imagined the barriers of economic underdevelopment of Kermanshah province in the government-non-government spectrum and 80% have imagined them in the collective-individual continuum. Unemployment, economic poverty, lack of factories (economic categories), poor management and negligence of officials (political categories) and addiction (social categories) are the variables that have had the highest frequency (more than 50 times) as a barrier to economic development of the province. Respondents in all cities considered the economic factor more than political and socio-cultural factors as a barrier to economic development and this ratio was higher in Sarpolzahab city than other cities. In Javanrood city, the respondents mentioned the social factor as a priority hindering economic development more than other cities, and the respondents in Paveh city mentioned the political factor as the first priority more than other cities. Respondents' opinions varied according to the city, activity status, employment status, education and place of residence (rural-urban); hence, it seems necessary to consider this difference in describing and analyzing the reality of economic underdevelopment.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Eliass Sarzalii, F., Pezhhan, A. & Mousaei, M. (2018), The Semantic Interpretation of Lack of Development in Kermanshah Province with an Emphasis on the Perspectives of Owners of Companies and Workshops Located in the Province’s Industrial Town. Journal of Social Problems of Iran, 8 (2), 127-147 (in Persian).

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References
Acemoglu, D. (2009), Introduction to modern economic growth. Prinston NJ: Prinston University Press.
Amraei, B. & Ashrafipour, M. (2016), A Review of Economic Development and the Most Important Factors Affecting It Using Combined Data Approaches. First National Conference on Development Management, December 2016, Jehade Daneshgahi  of Hormozgan (in Persian).
Azkia, M. & Ghaffari, G. (2016), Sociology of Development. 12th edition. Tehran: Kayhan Publications (in Persian).
Bennedsen, M., Malchow, M. & Vinten, F. (2005), Institutions and growth – a literature survey. report, 2005,1.
Birou, A. (1987), Vocabularies of social sciences. Translated by Baqer Sarukhani. Tehran: Kayhan Publications (in Persian).
Brander, James A. & Dowrick, S. (1994), The Role of Fertility and Population in Economic Growth: Empirical Results from Aggregate Cross-National Data, Journal of Population Economics, 7 (1), 1-25.
Dadgar, Y. & Nazari, R. (2019), Economic, social and sustainable development damage in Kermanshah province. National Conference on Sustainable Development, December 2016. Razi University (in Persian).
Dadgar, Y. (2006), Basics of economics. Tehran: Nashr-e Ney (in Persian).
Eliass Sarzalii, F., Pezhhan, A. & Mousaei, M. (2018), The Semantic Interpretation of Lack of Development in Kermanshah Province with an Emphasis on the Perspectives of Owners of Companies and Workshops Located in the Province’s Industrial Town. Journal of Social Problems of Iran, 8 (2), 127-147 (in Persian).
Firoozabadi, A. &Imani Jajarmi, H. (2007), Social Capital and Socio-Economic Development in Tehran's 22 Municipal Districts. refahj, 6 (23),197-224 (in Persian).
Galor, O. (2000), Income Distribution and the Process of Development. European Economic Review, 44, 706-712.
Ghaffaryfard, M. (2019), Review the process of development policy and regional balance during development plans in Iran (SWOT approach). Strategic Studies of public policy, 9(30), 21-41 (in Persian).
Ghassemi, V., Azarbailani, K., Adibi Sedeh, M. & Tavakoli, K. (2011), A Study of the Imact of Out-group Social Capital on Economic Development in Irans Provinces. Rahbord, 20(59), 243-270 (in Persian).
Granato, J., Inglehart, R. & Lebllangs, D. (1996), The Effect of Cultural Values on Economic Development: Theory, Hypotheses, and Some Empirical. American Journal of Political Science, 40 (3), 607-631.
Heidari, H. & Sanginabadi, B. (2013), The Effect of R&D on Economic Growth in Iran. Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat- E- Eghtesadi), 48 (2), 1-23 (in Persian).
Hekmatnia, H., Tavoosian, A., Alahverdi, A. & Rezaei, H. (2016), Spatial analysis of Development the Township of Yazd province with emphasis on cultural factors. Journal of Spatial Planning, 19(3), 99-128 (in Persian).
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Jutting J. (2003), Institutions and Development: A Critical Review OECD Development Center. Working Paper, 210.
Kaldaru, H. & Parts, E. (2008), Social and institutional factors of economic development: evidence from Europe. Journal of economics, 8 (1), 29-51.
Kalemli Ozcan, S. (2002), Does the Mortality Decline Promote Economic Growth?. Journal of Economic Growth, 7, 411-439.
Khakpoor, B., Mohamadi, C., Davari, S. & Akbari, M. (2019), Study of Development Indicators Status in Kermanshah County Using Integration Technique. Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 17 (56), 73-90 (in Persian).
Khandozi, S. E. (2007), The role of ethical context in economic development. Islamic Economics, 6 (21), 129-157 (in Persian).
Knack, S. & Keefer, Ph. (1997), Does Social Capital have an Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation. the Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(4),1251-1288.
Mehrabi Boshrabadi, H., Kouchakzadeh, S. & taboli, H. (2011), Whether shadow economy threats economic growth? (case study: Iran). Iranian Journal of Economic Research, 15(45), 181-198 (in Persian).
Mehrara, M. & Rezaei Bargoshadi, S. (2016), The Determinants of Economic Growth in Iran Based on Bayesian Model Averaging and Weighted Averaging Least Square. Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, 6 (23), 114-89 (in Persian).
Moayedfar, R., Akbari, N. & Daliri, H. (2023), Interacted and Dynamic Effects between Social Capital and Economic Development: the Case of Iran (1989-2006). International Economics Studies, 35 (2), 21-38 (in Persian).
Mohammadi, A. (1392), RDS Regional Development Strategy. The first national conference on geograph. urban planning and sustainable development, March 2014, University of Tehran (in Persian).
Mossalanejad, A. & Akbari, S. (2012), The Role of the Government in Economic Development of Turkey in Recent Three Decades. Journal of Iranian Social Development Studies, 4 (2), 55-79 (in Persian).
Motavaseli, M. & Wahhabi, B. (2003), Modeling the Reagional Differences from Regional Development View Point (Methodology and Applications). Journal of Humanities, 12-13 (44-45), 177-192 (in Persian).
Mousavi Jahromi, Y. (2013), Economic development and planning. Tehran: Payame Noor University Press (in Persian).
North, D. C. (1981), Structure and the change in economic history. New York: Norton.
Petrakos, G. & Arvanitidis, P. (2008), Determinants of economic growth. Economic Alternatives,1, 11-30.
Renani, M. (1393), Descriptive-analytical document of Kermanshah province development problems. Research Project, Jehade Daneshgahi of Kermanshah Province (in Persian).
Rodrik, D. (2000), Institutions for High-quality Growth: What they are and How to acquire them. Studies in Comparative International Developmen, 35, 3-31.
Sadeghi, A. & Saeidi Aghdam, M. (2015), Identification and Ranking of Factors Affecting the Economy of Underdevelopment Combined with ANP - DEMATEL Phase. Economic Development Policy, 2 (4), 117-156 (in Persian).
Safaei Pour, M. & Maveddat, E. (2013), Assessment of areas with an emphasis on social indicators - economic and human development indicators in combination with the use of GIS techniques and TOPSIS. Urban Structure and Function Studies, 1 (3), 11-27 (in Persian).
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International Political Economy Studies
Volume 5, Issue 2
December 2022
Pages 729-758

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History

  • Receive Date: 01 August 2020
  • Revise Date: 12 December 2021
  • Accept Date: 29 January 2022

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