فهم نظری فرایند توسعه اقتصادی در اقلیم کردستان عراق: موانع و ظرفیت‌ها

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه روابط بین الملل، گروه روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین‌الملل، گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اقلیم کردستان عراق یکی از مناطقی است که طی سال‌های بعد از 2003 در بُعد توسعه اقتصادی، سیاسی و اجتماعی ازسوی محققان مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. مقامات سیاسی اقلیم با سخن به میان آوردن از توسعه تلاش داشته‌اند خود را به‌عنوان یک دولت‌توسعه‌گرا جلوه دهند. از این رهگذر مسئله مورد توجه مقاله حاضر پردازش به هم‌خوانی مدل توسعه اقلیم کردستان در چارچوب مدل دولت توسعه‌گراست. در این راستا پرسش اصلی این است که مهم‌ترین موانع و ظرفیت‌های توسعه در اقلیم کردستان عراق، در چارچوب نظریه دولت توسعه‌گرا کدام‌اند؟ در پاسخ به این پرسش اساسی، این فرضیه مطرح است که مهم‌ترین ظرفیت‌های دولت توسعه‌گرا در اقلیم عبارت‌اند از؛ وجود نخبگان توسعه‌گرای مصمم، جامعه‌ مدنی ضعیف و تابع و برخورداری از ویژگی‌های اولیه دموکراسی‌های سیاسی و از مهم‌ترین موانع ظهور دولت توسعه‌گرا برای نیل به توسعه نیز می‌توان مدیریت ضعیف منابع اقتصادی دولتی و غیردولتی، عدم خودمختاری نخبگان سیاسی و نهادهای دولتی، فقدان بوروکراسی اقتصادی قوی و صلاحیت‌‌دار، ناتوانی در سرکوب حقوق مدنی، بزرگ‌نمایی از مشروعیت حکومت و عملکرد آن و درنهایت عدم حاکمیت یک حزب سیاسی بر حکومت اقلیم را نام برد. درمجموع، بنابر یافته‌های پژوهش با وجود نزدیکی‌های قابل توجه، مدل توسعه اقلیم کردستان در قالب مدل دولت توسعه‌گرا قابل خوانش نیست. روش گردآوری داده‌ها در پژوهش حاضر کتابخانه‌ای ـ اسنادی است و روش تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‏ها، توصیفی ـ تحلیلی بوده است. با این مضمون که بخشی از پژوهش در قالب توصیفات تاریخی خواهد بود و بخش دیگر، به تحلیل وقایع براساس مبانی نظری رساله اختصاص دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


منابع
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