پیوند نظام دانش-قدرت نئولیبرال؛ بررسی موردی تاچریسم

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکدۀ علوم سیاسی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکدۀ علوم سیاسی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار علوم سیاسی، دانشکدۀ علوم سیاسی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر نئولیبرالیسم به‌منزلة پدیده‌ای حاصل از گسست در نظام قدرت ـ ‌‌دانش لیبرال کینزی بررسی ‌‌شده است. آن‌گاه با روش تبارشناسی نظام دانش نئولیبرال، تاچریسم به‌مثابة سرنمون و صورت نوعی پیوند نظام قدرت ـ ‌‌دانش نئولیبرال مطالعه می‌شود. بدین منظور از چهارچوب نظری دیالکتیکی نظام دانش ـ ‌‌قدرت استفاده شده است. پس از بررسی مبانی نظام دانش نئولیبرالی، با بررسی اردولیبرالیسم و ایدة بازار اجتماعی از‌یک‌سو و مکتب شیکاگو با عنوان امپریالیسم اقتصادی نوین از‌سوی‌دیگر فلسفة سیاسی نئولیبرالیسم بررسی شده است. درنهایت پیوند این نظام دانش/ اپیستمة نئولیبرال با نظام قدرت، در صورت نوعی آن، با عنوان تاچریسم نشان داده‌ شده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش یافتن مبانی و بنیادهایی است که به قدرت‌گیری نئولیبرالیسم منجر شده و در تاچریسم و ریگانومیکس به‌‌ ماشین سیاسی این دستگاه بزرگ تبدیل شده است. بنابراین نوشتار کنونی ‌‌‌‌به‌دنبال ریشه‌یابی رژیم حقیقت‌مندی نئولیبرالیسم به‌مثابة سرمایه‌داری تجدیدساختاریافته در ساحت نظری دیالکتیک نظام قدرت ـ ‌‌دانش و ترجمان سیاسی آن در عمل ذیل قدرت‌گیری تاچریسم است. به این منظور، با استفاده از اصول نظریة دانش ـ ‌‌قدرت فوکویی از روش تبارشناسی فوکو برای فهم تبارِ نظام دانش نئولیبرال بهره گرفته شده و درنتیجه از نوعی هرمنوتیک رادیکال، با عنوان تاچریسم، برای فهم رئوس نئولیبرالیسم در صورت‌بندی نظام قدرت ـ ‌‌دانش آن استفاده‌ شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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